TY - JOUR
T1 - Microarray Technology May Reveal the Contribution of Allergen Exposure and Rhinovirus Infections as Possible Triggers for Acute Wheezing Attacks in Preschool Children
AU - Niespodziana, Katarzyna
AU - Stenberg-Hammar, Katarina
AU - Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G
AU - Focke-Tejkl, Margarete
AU - Errhalt, Peter
AU - Konradsen, Jon R
AU - Söderhäll, Cilla
AU - van Hage, Marianne
AU - Hedlin, Gunilla
AU - Valenta, Rudolf
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by the European Commission’s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement No. 260895 (“PreDicta”), by the P29398 project of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), by a research grant from Viravaxx AG, Vienna, Austria, by the Country of Lower Austria, by the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, Region Stockholm (ALF project), the Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association’s Research Foundation, the Hesselman Foundation, The King Gustaf V 80th Birthday Foundation, the Centre for Allergy Research at Karolinska Institutet, and the Swedish Cancer and Allergy Foundation. The work was also supported by the Freemason Child House Foundation in Stockholm, Konsul Th C Bergh Foundation, and The Samaritan Foundation.
Funding Information:
Conflicts of Interest: Rudolf Valenta has received research grants from Viravaxx, Vienna, Austria and from HVD Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria, and they serve as a consultant for Viravaxx. van Hage reports personal fees from Thermo Fisher Scientific, outside the submitted work. Papadopoulos reports personal fees from Novartis, personal fees from Nutricia, personal fees from HAL, personal fees from MENARINI/FAES FARMA, personal fees from SANOFI, personal fees from MYLAN/MEDA, personal fees from BIOMAY, personal fees from AstraZeneca, personal fees from GSK, personal fees from MSD, personal fees from ASIT BIOTECH, personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, grants from Gerolymatos International SA, and grants from Capricare, outside the submitted work. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: Open Access Funding by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/5/15
Y1 - 2021/5/15
N2 - Allergen exposure and rhinovirus (RV) infections are common triggers of acute wheezing exacerbations in early childhood. The identification of such trigger factors is difficult but may have therapeutic implications. Increases of IgE and IgG in sera, were shown against allergens and the N-terminal portion of the VP1 proteins of RV species, respectively, several weeks after allergen exposure or RV infection. Hence, increases in VP1-specific IgG and in allergen-specific IgE may serve as biomarkers for RV infections or allergen exposure. The MeDALL-allergen chip containing comprehensive panels of allergens and the PreDicta RV chip equipped with VP1-derived peptides, representative of three genetic RV species, were used to measure allergen-specific IgE levels and RV-species-specific IgG levels in sera obtained from 120 preschool children at the time of an acute wheezing attack and convalescence. Nearly 20% of the children (22/120) showed specific IgE sensitizations to at least one of the allergen molecules on the MeDALL chip. For 87% of the children, increases in RV-specific IgG could be detected in the follow-up sera. This percentage of RV-specific IgG increases was equal in IgE-positive and -negative children. In 10% of the children, increases or de novo appearances of IgE sensitizations indicative of allergen exposure could be detected. Our results suggest that, in the majority of preschool children, RV infections trigger wheezing attacks, but, in addition, allergen exposure seems to play a role as a trigger factor. RV-induced wheezing attacks occur in IgE-sensitized and non-IgE-sensitized children, indicating that allergic sensitization is not a prerequisite for RV-induced wheeze.
AB - Allergen exposure and rhinovirus (RV) infections are common triggers of acute wheezing exacerbations in early childhood. The identification of such trigger factors is difficult but may have therapeutic implications. Increases of IgE and IgG in sera, were shown against allergens and the N-terminal portion of the VP1 proteins of RV species, respectively, several weeks after allergen exposure or RV infection. Hence, increases in VP1-specific IgG and in allergen-specific IgE may serve as biomarkers for RV infections or allergen exposure. The MeDALL-allergen chip containing comprehensive panels of allergens and the PreDicta RV chip equipped with VP1-derived peptides, representative of three genetic RV species, were used to measure allergen-specific IgE levels and RV-species-specific IgG levels in sera obtained from 120 preschool children at the time of an acute wheezing attack and convalescence. Nearly 20% of the children (22/120) showed specific IgE sensitizations to at least one of the allergen molecules on the MeDALL chip. For 87% of the children, increases in RV-specific IgG could be detected in the follow-up sera. This percentage of RV-specific IgG increases was equal in IgE-positive and -negative children. In 10% of the children, increases or de novo appearances of IgE sensitizations indicative of allergen exposure could be detected. Our results suggest that, in the majority of preschool children, RV infections trigger wheezing attacks, but, in addition, allergen exposure seems to play a role as a trigger factor. RV-induced wheezing attacks occur in IgE-sensitized and non-IgE-sensitized children, indicating that allergic sensitization is not a prerequisite for RV-induced wheeze.
KW - Allergens/genetics
KW - Antibodies, Viral/immunology
KW - Antigens, Viral/genetics
KW - Child, Preschool
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Immunoglobulin E/blood
KW - Immunoglobulin G/blood
KW - Infant
KW - Male
KW - Microarray Analysis
KW - Picornaviridae Infections/immunology
KW - Respiratory Sounds/immunology
KW - Rhinovirus/genetics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107203701&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/v13050915
DO - 10.3390/v13050915
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34063445
SN - 1999-4915
VL - 13
JO - Viruses
JF - Viruses
IS - 5
M1 - 915
ER -