Epidemiological trends of HBV and HDV coinfection among Viennese HIV+ patients

Caroline Schmidbauer; David Chromy; Victor U Schmidbauer; Michael Schwarz; Mathias Jachs; David J M Bauer; Teresa Binter; Michael Apata; Dung T Nguyen; Mattias Mandorfer; Benedikt Simbrunner; Armin Rieger; Florian Mayer; Monika Breuer; Robert Strassl; Ralf Schmidt; Heidemarie Holzmann; Michael Trauner; Michael Gschwantler; Thomas Reiberger

doi:10.1111/liv.15018

Epidemiological trends of HBV and HDV coinfection among Viennese HIV+ patients

Caroline Schmidbauer, David Chromy, Victor U Schmidbauer, Michael Schwarz, Mathias Jachs, David J M Bauer, Teresa Binter, Michael Apata, Dung T Nguyen, Mattias Mandorfer, Benedikt Simbrunner, Armin Rieger, Florian Mayer, Monika Breuer, Robert Strassl, Ralf Schmidt, Heidemarie Holzmann, Michael Trauner, Michael Gschwantler, Thomas Reiberger

Research output: Journal article (peer-reviewed) › Journal article

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Despite vaccination recommendations, hepatitis B (HBV) and D (HDV) coinfections are common in HIV+individuals.

METHODS: HBV immunization status (anti-HBs) as well as HBV (HBsAg/HBV-DNA) and HDV (anti-HDV) coinfection rates were assessed in 1870 HIV+individuals at HIV diagnosis (baseline, BL) and last follow-up (FU).

RESULTS: Sixty-eight (3.6%) HIV patients were never tested for HBV. At BL, 89/1802 (4.9%) HIV patients were HBV coinfected. Four hundred and fifteen (23.0%) showed virological HBV clearance [HBsAg(-)/anti-HBc(+)/anti-HBs(+)] and 210 (11.7%) presented with anti-HBc(+) only. Seven hundred and ten (39.4%) were HBV naïve [HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-)/anti-HBc(-)/HBV-DNA(-)], but only 378 (21.0%) received vaccinations with detectable anti-HBs(+) titres. Among the 89 HBV/HIV-coinfected patients, only 52 (58.4%) were tested for HDV: 11/49 (22.4%) had anti-HDV(+) and 3/12 (25.0%) showed HDV-RNA viraemia. During a median FU of 6.5 (IQR 7.2) years, 44 (4.6%) of the 953 retested BL HBV-negative patients acquired new HBV infection (including 15/304, 4.9% of vaccinated patients). Of the 89 patients, 22 (24.7%) patients cleared their HBsAg, resulting in 60/1625 (3.7%) HIV/HBV individuals at FU: 34 (56.7%) showed HBV-DNA suppression and 15 (25.0%) were HBV viraemic, while 12/89 (13.5%) remained without a FU test. Vaccinations induced anti-HBs(+) in 137 of the retested 649 (21.1%) BL HBV-naïve patients.

CONCLUSION: HBV testing is well established among Viennese HIV+patients with HBV coinfection rates around 4%-5%. HBV vaccinations are insufficiently implemented since anti-HBs titres were detected in only 21.1% of HBV-naive HIV(+) patients and new HBV infections occurred in previously vaccinated patients. HDV testing is not systematically performed despite up to 25% of HIV/HBV patients may show HDV coinfection.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2622-2634
Number of pages	13
Journal	Liver International
Volume	41
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.15018
Publication status	Published - Nov 2021
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Coinfection/epidemiology
HIV Infections/complications
Hepatitis B/epidemiology
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Hepatitis B virus
Humans

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1111/liv.15018

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Schmidbauer, C., Chromy, D., Schmidbauer, V. U., Schwarz, M., Jachs, M., Bauer, D. J. M., Binter, T., Apata, M., Nguyen, D. T., Mandorfer, M., Simbrunner, B., Rieger, A., Mayer, F., Breuer, M., Strassl, R., Schmidt, R., Holzmann, H., Trauner, M., Gschwantler, M., & Reiberger, T. (2021). Epidemiological trends of HBV and HDV coinfection among Viennese HIV+ patients. Liver International, 41(11), 2622-2634. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.15018

@article{776a0c4b7fab455e9133cc05b80ec4be,

title = "Epidemiological trends of HBV and HDV coinfection among Viennese HIV+ patients",

abstract = "BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Despite vaccination recommendations, hepatitis B (HBV) and D (HDV) coinfections are common in HIV+individuals.METHODS: HBV immunization status (anti-HBs) as well as HBV (HBsAg/HBV-DNA) and HDV (anti-HDV) coinfection rates were assessed in 1870 HIV+individuals at HIV diagnosis (baseline, BL) and last follow-up (FU).RESULTS: Sixty-eight (3.6\%) HIV patients were never tested for HBV. At BL, 89/1802 (4.9\%) HIV patients were HBV coinfected. Four hundred and fifteen (23.0\%) showed virological HBV clearance [HBsAg(-)/anti-HBc(+)/anti-HBs(+)] and 210 (11.7\%) presented with anti-HBc(+) only. Seven hundred and ten (39.4\%) were HBV na{\"i}ve [HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-)/anti-HBc(-)/HBV-DNA(-)], but only 378 (21.0\%) received vaccinations with detectable anti-HBs(+) titres. Among the 89 HBV/HIV-coinfected patients, only 52 (58.4\%) were tested for HDV: 11/49 (22.4\%) had anti-HDV(+) and 3/12 (25.0\%) showed HDV-RNA viraemia. During a median FU of 6.5 (IQR 7.2) years, 44 (4.6\%) of the 953 retested BL HBV-negative patients acquired new HBV infection (including 15/304, 4.9\% of vaccinated patients). Of the 89 patients, 22 (24.7\%) patients cleared their HBsAg, resulting in 60/1625 (3.7\%) HIV/HBV individuals at FU: 34 (56.7\%) showed HBV-DNA suppression and 15 (25.0\%) were HBV viraemic, while 12/89 (13.5\%) remained without a FU test. Vaccinations induced anti-HBs(+) in 137 of the retested 649 (21.1\%) BL HBV-na{\"i}ve patients.CONCLUSION: HBV testing is well established among Viennese HIV+patients with HBV coinfection rates around 4\%-5\%. HBV vaccinations are insufficiently implemented since anti-HBs titres were detected in only 21.1\% of HBV-naive HIV(+) patients and new HBV infections occurred in previously vaccinated patients. HDV testing is not systematically performed despite up to 25\% of HIV/HBV patients may show HDV coinfection.",

keywords = "Coinfection/epidemiology, HIV Infections/complications, Hepatitis B/epidemiology, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatitis B virus, Humans",

author = "Caroline Schmidbauer and David Chromy and Schmidbauer, \{Victor U\} and Michael Schwarz and Mathias Jachs and Bauer, \{David J M\} and Teresa Binter and Michael Apata and Nguyen, \{Dung T\} and Mattias Mandorfer and Benedikt Simbrunner and Armin Rieger and Florian Mayer and Monika Breuer and Robert Strassl and Ralf Schmidt and Heidemarie Holzmann and Michael Trauner and Michael Gschwantler and Thomas Reiberger",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. Liver International published by John Wiley \& Sons Ltd.",

year = "2021",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1111/liv.15018",

language = "English",

volume = "41",

pages = "2622--2634",

journal = "Liver International",

issn = "1478-3223",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",

number = "11",

}

Schmidbauer, C, Chromy, D, Schmidbauer, VU, Schwarz, M, Jachs, M, Bauer, DJM, Binter, T, Apata, M, Nguyen, DT, Mandorfer, M, Simbrunner, B, Rieger, A, Mayer, F, Breuer, M, Strassl, R, Schmidt, R, Holzmann, H, Trauner, M, Gschwantler, M & Reiberger, T 2021, 'Epidemiological trends of HBV and HDV coinfection among Viennese HIV+ patients', Liver International, vol. 41, no. 11, pp. 2622-2634. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.15018

TY - JOUR

T1 - Epidemiological trends of HBV and HDV coinfection among Viennese HIV+ patients

AU - Schmidbauer, Caroline

AU - Chromy, David

AU - Schmidbauer, Victor U

AU - Schwarz, Michael

AU - Jachs, Mathias

AU - Bauer, David J M

AU - Binter, Teresa

AU - Apata, Michael

AU - Nguyen, Dung T

AU - Mandorfer, Mattias

AU - Simbrunner, Benedikt

AU - Rieger, Armin

AU - Mayer, Florian

AU - Breuer, Monika

AU - Strassl, Robert

AU - Schmidt, Ralf

AU - Holzmann, Heidemarie

AU - Trauner, Michael

AU - Gschwantler, Michael

AU - Reiberger, Thomas

PY - 2021/11

Y1 - 2021/11

N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Despite vaccination recommendations, hepatitis B (HBV) and D (HDV) coinfections are common in HIV+individuals.METHODS: HBV immunization status (anti-HBs) as well as HBV (HBsAg/HBV-DNA) and HDV (anti-HDV) coinfection rates were assessed in 1870 HIV+individuals at HIV diagnosis (baseline, BL) and last follow-up (FU).RESULTS: Sixty-eight (3.6%) HIV patients were never tested for HBV. At BL, 89/1802 (4.9%) HIV patients were HBV coinfected. Four hundred and fifteen (23.0%) showed virological HBV clearance [HBsAg(-)/anti-HBc(+)/anti-HBs(+)] and 210 (11.7%) presented with anti-HBc(+) only. Seven hundred and ten (39.4%) were HBV naïve [HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-)/anti-HBc(-)/HBV-DNA(-)], but only 378 (21.0%) received vaccinations with detectable anti-HBs(+) titres. Among the 89 HBV/HIV-coinfected patients, only 52 (58.4%) were tested for HDV: 11/49 (22.4%) had anti-HDV(+) and 3/12 (25.0%) showed HDV-RNA viraemia. During a median FU of 6.5 (IQR 7.2) years, 44 (4.6%) of the 953 retested BL HBV-negative patients acquired new HBV infection (including 15/304, 4.9% of vaccinated patients). Of the 89 patients, 22 (24.7%) patients cleared their HBsAg, resulting in 60/1625 (3.7%) HIV/HBV individuals at FU: 34 (56.7%) showed HBV-DNA suppression and 15 (25.0%) were HBV viraemic, while 12/89 (13.5%) remained without a FU test. Vaccinations induced anti-HBs(+) in 137 of the retested 649 (21.1%) BL HBV-naïve patients.CONCLUSION: HBV testing is well established among Viennese HIV+patients with HBV coinfection rates around 4%-5%. HBV vaccinations are insufficiently implemented since anti-HBs titres were detected in only 21.1% of HBV-naive HIV(+) patients and new HBV infections occurred in previously vaccinated patients. HDV testing is not systematically performed despite up to 25% of HIV/HBV patients may show HDV coinfection.

AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Despite vaccination recommendations, hepatitis B (HBV) and D (HDV) coinfections are common in HIV+individuals.METHODS: HBV immunization status (anti-HBs) as well as HBV (HBsAg/HBV-DNA) and HDV (anti-HDV) coinfection rates were assessed in 1870 HIV+individuals at HIV diagnosis (baseline, BL) and last follow-up (FU).RESULTS: Sixty-eight (3.6%) HIV patients were never tested for HBV. At BL, 89/1802 (4.9%) HIV patients were HBV coinfected. Four hundred and fifteen (23.0%) showed virological HBV clearance [HBsAg(-)/anti-HBc(+)/anti-HBs(+)] and 210 (11.7%) presented with anti-HBc(+) only. Seven hundred and ten (39.4%) were HBV naïve [HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-)/anti-HBc(-)/HBV-DNA(-)], but only 378 (21.0%) received vaccinations with detectable anti-HBs(+) titres. Among the 89 HBV/HIV-coinfected patients, only 52 (58.4%) were tested for HDV: 11/49 (22.4%) had anti-HDV(+) and 3/12 (25.0%) showed HDV-RNA viraemia. During a median FU of 6.5 (IQR 7.2) years, 44 (4.6%) of the 953 retested BL HBV-negative patients acquired new HBV infection (including 15/304, 4.9% of vaccinated patients). Of the 89 patients, 22 (24.7%) patients cleared their HBsAg, resulting in 60/1625 (3.7%) HIV/HBV individuals at FU: 34 (56.7%) showed HBV-DNA suppression and 15 (25.0%) were HBV viraemic, while 12/89 (13.5%) remained without a FU test. Vaccinations induced anti-HBs(+) in 137 of the retested 649 (21.1%) BL HBV-naïve patients.CONCLUSION: HBV testing is well established among Viennese HIV+patients with HBV coinfection rates around 4%-5%. HBV vaccinations are insufficiently implemented since anti-HBs titres were detected in only 21.1% of HBV-naive HIV(+) patients and new HBV infections occurred in previously vaccinated patients. HDV testing is not systematically performed despite up to 25% of HIV/HBV patients may show HDV coinfection.

KW - Coinfection/epidemiology

KW - HIV Infections/complications

KW - Hepatitis B/epidemiology

KW - Hepatitis B Surface Antigens

KW - Hepatitis B virus

KW - Humans

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85111805528

U2 - 10.1111/liv.15018

DO - 10.1111/liv.15018

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 34268869

SN - 1478-3223

VL - 41

SP - 2622

EP - 2634

JO - Liver International

JF - Liver International

IS - 11

ER -

Epidemiological trends of HBV and HDV coinfection among Viennese HIV+ patients

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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