TY - JOUR
T1 - ELISA-Based Assay for Studying Major and Minor Group Rhinovirus-Receptor Interactions
AU - Pazderova, Petra
AU - Waltl, Eva E
AU - Niederberger-Leppin, Verena
AU - Flicker, Sabine
AU - Valenta, Rudolf
AU - Niespodziana, Katarzyna
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This study was funded by grants F4605 and F4607, by the project no. P29398, by the International Ph.D. Program “Molecular, Cellular and Clinical Allergology” (MCCA) grant W-1248 of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), and by Viravaxx, Vienna, Austria. R.V. was a recipient of a Megagrant of the Government of the Russian Federation, Grant No. 14.W03.31.0024. Open Access Funding by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).
Funding Information:
This study was funded by grants F4605 and F4607, by the project no. P29398, by the International Ph.D. Program “Molecular, Cellular and Clinical Allergology” (MCCA) grant W-1248 of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), and by Viravaxx, Vienna, Austria. R.V. was a recipient of a Megagrant of the Government of the Russian Federation, Grant No. 14.W03.31.0024. Open Access Funding by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF). We thank Walter Keller, University of Graz, Austria, for help regarding the interpretation of CD results.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2020/6/18
Y1 - 2020/6/18
N2 - Rhinovirus (RV) infections are a major cause of recurrent common colds and trigger severe exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases. Major challenges for the development of vaccines for RV include the virus occurring in the form of approximately 160 different serotypes, using different receptors, and the need for preclinical models for the screening of vaccine candidates and antiviral compounds. We report the establishment and characterization of an ELISA-based assay for studying major and minor group RV-receptor interactions. This assay is based on the interaction of purified virus with plate-bound human receptor proteins, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Using RV strain-specific antibodies, we demonstrate the specific binding of a panel of major and minor RV group types including RV-A and RV-B strains to ICAM-1 and LDLR, respectively. We show that the RV-receptor interaction can be blocked with receptor-specific antibodies as well as with soluble receptors and neutralizing RV-specific antibodies. The assay is more sensitive than a cell culture-based virus neutralization test. The ELISA assay will therefore be useful for the preclinical evaluation for preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting the RV-receptor interaction, such as vaccines, antibodies, and anti-viral compounds.
AB - Rhinovirus (RV) infections are a major cause of recurrent common colds and trigger severe exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases. Major challenges for the development of vaccines for RV include the virus occurring in the form of approximately 160 different serotypes, using different receptors, and the need for preclinical models for the screening of vaccine candidates and antiviral compounds. We report the establishment and characterization of an ELISA-based assay for studying major and minor group RV-receptor interactions. This assay is based on the interaction of purified virus with plate-bound human receptor proteins, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Using RV strain-specific antibodies, we demonstrate the specific binding of a panel of major and minor RV group types including RV-A and RV-B strains to ICAM-1 and LDLR, respectively. We show that the RV-receptor interaction can be blocked with receptor-specific antibodies as well as with soluble receptors and neutralizing RV-specific antibodies. The assay is more sensitive than a cell culture-based virus neutralization test. The ELISA assay will therefore be useful for the preclinical evaluation for preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting the RV-receptor interaction, such as vaccines, antibodies, and anti-viral compounds.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090542076&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/vaccines8020315
DO - 10.3390/vaccines8020315
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32570763
SN - 2076-393X
VL - 8
SP - 1
EP - 18
JO - Vaccines
JF - Vaccines
IS - 2
M1 - 315
ER -