Abstract
The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 449-466 |
| Number of pages | 18 |
| Journal | Body Image |
| Volume | 46 |
| Early online date | 13 Aug 2023 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 01 Sept 2023 |
Keywords
- Body Image/psychology
- Factor Analysis, Statistical
- Gender Identity
- Humans
- Language
- Psychometrics
- Reproducibility of Results
- Surveys and Questionnaires
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In: Body Image, Vol. 46, 01.09.2023, p. 449-466.
Research output: Journal article (peer-reviewed) › Journal article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Body appreciation around the world
T2 - Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age
AU - Swami, Viren
AU - Tran, Ulrich S
AU - Stieger, Stefan
AU - Aavik, Toivo
AU - Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour
AU - Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju
AU - Afhami, Reza
AU - Ahmed, Oli
AU - Aimé, Annie
AU - Akel, Marwan
AU - Halbusi, Hussam Al
AU - Alexias, George
AU - Ali, Khawla F
AU - Alp-Dal, Nursel
AU - Alsalhani, Anas B
AU - Álvares-Solas, Sara
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AU - Andrianto, Sonny
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AU - Argyrides, Marios
AU - Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R
AU - Atkin, Stephen
AU - Ayandele, Olusola
AU - Baceviciene, Migle
AU - Bahbouh, Radvan
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AU - Barron, David
AU - Bellard, Ashleigh
AU - Bender, Sóley Sesselja
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AU - Birovljević, Gorana
AU - Blackburn, Marie-Ève
AU - Borja-Alvarez, Teresita
AU - Borowiec, Joanna
AU - Bozogáňová, Miroslava
AU - Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid
AU - Browning, Matthew H E M
AU - Brytek-Matera, Anna
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AU - Çakır-Koçak, Yeliz
AU - Camacho, Pablo
AU - Camilleri, Vittorio Emanuele
AU - Cazzato, Valentina
AU - Cerea, Silvia
AU - Chaiwutikornwanich, Apitchaya
AU - Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin
AU - Chambers, Tim
AU - Chen, Qing-Wei
AU - Chen, Xin
AU - Chien, Chin-Lung
AU - Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit
AU - Choompunuch, Bovornpot
AU - Compte, Emilio J
AU - Corrigan, Jennifer
AU - Cosmas, Getrude
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AU - Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila
AU - Czub, Marcin
AU - da Silva, Wanderson Roberto
AU - Dadfar, Mahboubeh
AU - Dalley, Simon E
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AU - Dhakal, Sandesh
AU - Di Bernardo, Francesca
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AU - Donofrio, Stacey M
AU - Drysch, Marius
AU - Du, Hongfei
AU - Dzhambov, Angel M
AU - El-Jor, Claire
AU - Enea, Violeta
AU - Eskin, Mehmet
AU - Farbod, Farinaz
AU - Farrugia, Lorleen
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AU - Fisher, Maryanne L
AU - Folwarczny, Michał
AU - Frederick, David A
AU - Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew
AU - Furnham, Adrian
AU - García, Antonio Alías
AU - Geller, Shulamit
AU - Ghisi, Marta
AU - Ghorbani, Alireza
AU - Martinez-Banfi, Martha
AU - Gradidge, Sarah
AU - Graf, Sylvie
AU - Grano, Caterina
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AU - Hekmati, Issa
AU - Helmy, Mai
AU - Hill, Tetiana
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AU - Hřebíčková, Martina
AU - Ijabadeniyi, Olasupo Augustine
AU - Imam, Asma
AU - İnce, Başak
AU - Irrazabal, Natalia
AU - Jankauskiene, Rasa
AU - Jiang, Ding-Yu
AU - Jiménez-Borja, Micaela
AU - Jiménez-Borja, Verónica
AU - Johnson, Evan M
AU - Jovanović, Veljko
AU - Jović, Marija
AU - Jović, Marko
AU - Junqueira, Alessandra Costa Pereira
AU - Kahle, Lisa-Marie
AU - Kantanista, Adam
AU - Karakiraz, Ahmet
AU - Karkin, Ayşe Nur
AU - Kasten, Erich
AU - Khatib, Salam
AU - Khieowan, Nuannut
AU - Kimong, Patricia Joseph
AU - Kiropoulos, Litza
AU - Knittel, Joshua
AU - Kohli, Neena
AU - Koprivnik, Mirjam
AU - Kospakov, Aituar
AU - Król-Zielińska, Magdalena
AU - Krug, Isabel
AU - Kuan, Garry
AU - Kueh, Yee Cheng
AU - Kujan, Omar
AU - Kukić, Miljana
AU - Kumar, Sanjay
AU - Kumar, Vipul
AU - Lamba, Nishtha
AU - Lauri, Mary Anne
AU - Laus, Maria Fernanda
AU - LeBlanc, Liza April
AU - Lee, Hyejoo J
AU - Lipowska, Małgorzata
AU - Lipowski, Mariusz
AU - Lombardo, Caterina
AU - Lukács, Andrea
AU - Maïano, Christophe
AU - Malik, Sadia
AU - Manjary, Mandar
AU - Baldó, Lidia Márquez
AU - Martinez-Banfi, Martha
AU - Massar, Karlijn
AU - Matera, Camila
AU - McAnirlin, Olivia
AU - Mebarak, Moisés Roberto
AU - Mechri, Anwar
AU - Meireles, Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras
AU - Mesko, Norbert
AU - Mills, Jacqueline
AU - Miyairi, Maya
AU - Modi, Ritu
AU - Modrzejewska, Adriana
AU - Modrzejewska, Justyna
AU - Mulgrew, Kate E
AU - Myers, Taryn A
AU - Namatame, Hikari
AU - Nassani, Mohammad Zakaria
AU - Nerini, Amanda
AU - Neto, Félix
AU - Neto, Joana
AU - Neves, Angela Noguiera
AU - Ng, Siu-Kuen
AU - Nithiya, Devi
AU - O, Jiaqing
AU - Obeid, Sahar
AU - Oda-Montecinos, Camila
AU - Olapegba, Peter Olamakinde
AU - Olonisakin, Tosin Tunrayo
AU - Omar, Salma Samir
AU - Örlygsdóttir, Brynja
AU - Özsoy, Emrah
AU - Otterbring, Tobias
AU - Pahl, Sabine
AU - Panasiti, Maria Serena
AU - Park, Yonguk
AU - Patwary, Muhammad Mainuddin
AU - Pethö, Tatiana
AU - Petrova, Nadezhda
AU - Pietschnig, Jakob
AU - Pourmahmoud, Sadaf
AU - Prabhu, Vishnunarayan Girishan
AU - Poštuvan, Vita
AU - Prokop, Pavol
AU - Ramseyer Winter, Virginia L
AU - Razmus, Magdalena
AU - Ru, Taotao
AU - Rupar, Mirjana
AU - Sahlan, Reza N
AU - Hassan, Mohammad Salah
AU - Šalov, Anđela
AU - Sapkota, Saphal
AU - Sarfo, Jacob Owusu
AU - Sawamiya, Yoko
AU - Schaefer, Katrin
AU - Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael
AU - Seekis, Veya
AU - Selvi, Kerim
AU - Sharifi, Mehdi
AU - Shrivastava, Anita
AU - Siddique, Rumana Ferdousi
AU - Sigurdsson, Valdimar
AU - Silkane, Vineta
AU - Šimunić, Ana
AU - Singh, Govind
AU - Slezáčková, Alena
AU - Sundgot-Borgen, Christine
AU - Ten Hoor, Gill
AU - Tevichapong, Passagorn
AU - Tipandjan, Arun
AU - Todd, Jennifer
AU - Togas, Constantinos
AU - Tonini, Fernando
AU - Tovar-Castro, Juan Camilo
AU - Trangsrud, Lise Katrine Jepsen
AU - Tripathi, Pankaj
AU - Tudorel, Otilia
AU - Tylka, Tracy L
AU - Uyzbayeva, Anar
AU - Vally, Zahir
AU - Vanags, Edmunds
AU - Vega, Luis Diego
AU - Vicente-Arruebarrena, Aitor
AU - Vidal-Mollón, Jose
AU - Vilar, Roosevelt
AU - Villegas, Hyxia
AU - Vintilă, Mona
AU - Wallner, Christoph
AU - White, Mathew P
AU - Whitebridge, Simon
AU - Windhager, Sonja
AU - Wong, Kah Yan
AU - Yau, Eric Kenson
AU - Yamamiya, Yuko
AU - Yeung, Victoria Wai Lan
AU - Zanetti, Marcelo Callegari
AU - Zawisza, Magdalena
AU - Zeeni, Nadine
AU - Zvaríková, Martina
AU - Voracek, Martin
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/9/1
Y1 - 2023/9/1
N2 - The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research.
AB - The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research.
KW - Body Image/psychology
KW - Factor Analysis, Statistical
KW - Gender Identity
KW - Humans
KW - Language
KW - Psychometrics
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Surveys and Questionnaires
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85170109975&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.07.010
DO - 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.07.010
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37582318
SN - 1740-1445
VL - 46
SP - 449
EP - 466
JO - Body Image
JF - Body Image
ER -