A modified Delphi consensus on tenosynovial giant cell tumour and giant cell tumour of bone: a report from the Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM)

BOOM 2026 Consensus Meeting Participants; Lee M Jeys; Eduardo Botello; Richard Boyle; Walid Ebeid; Thomas Hilton; Matthew T Houdek; Keith Hosking; Vineet J Kurisunkal; Maritz Laubscher; Guy V Morris; Ajay Puri; Pietro Ruggieri; Minna K Laitinen; Yunus Abdul Bari; Ahmed Abood; John A Abraham; Marthelena Acosta Marin; Manish Agarwal; Rishi Agarwal; Marcela Aguirre; Vivek Ajit Singh; Toru Akiyama; Humaid Al Farii; Motaz Alaqeel; Abdulrahman Alaseem; Omar Aldosari; Kate Alexander; Patricio Alfaro; Wazzan Aljuhani; Daniel C Allison; Mohammed Almashahedi; Abdullah Alotaibi; Bugra Alpan; Ibrahim S Alshaygy; Turki Althunayan; Lorenzo Andreani; Dimosthenis Andreou; Andriandi Andriandi; Lucas Annabelle; Luis Aponte-Tinao; Melanie Ardelt; Selma Armas; William Aston; Osman Emre Aycan; Thomas Baad-Hansen; Pablo Baeza; Dietmar Dammerer; Gianpaolo Leone; Johannes Neugebauer; Malena Redl

doi:10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394

A modified Delphi consensus on tenosynovial giant cell tumour and giant cell tumour of bone: a report from the Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM)

BOOM 2026 Consensus Meeting Participants
, Lee M Jeys
, Eduardo Botello
, Richard Boyle
, Walid Ebeid
, Thomas Hilton
, Matthew T Houdek
, Keith Hosking
, Vineet J Kurisunkal
, Maritz Laubscher
, Guy V Morris
, Ajay Puri
, Pietro Ruggieri
, Minna K Laitinen
, Yunus Abdul Bari
, Ahmed Abood
, John A Abraham
, Marthelena Acosta Marin
, Manish Agarwal
, Rishi Agarwal

Marcela Aguirre, Vivek Ajit Singh, Toru Akiyama, Humaid Al Farii, Motaz Alaqeel, Abdulrahman Alaseem, Omar Aldosari, Kate Alexander, Patricio Alfaro, Wazzan Aljuhani, Daniel C Allison, Mohammed Almashahedi, Abdullah Alotaibi, Bugra Alpan, Ibrahim S Alshaygy, Turki Althunayan, Lorenzo Andreani, Dimosthenis Andreou, Andriandi Andriandi, Lucas Annabelle, Luis Aponte-Tinao, Melanie Ardelt, Selma Armas, William Aston, Osman Emre Aycan, Thomas Baad-Hansen, Pablo Baeza, Dietmar Dammerer, Gianpaolo Leone, Johannes Neugebauer, Malena Redl

Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (University Hospital Krems)

Research output: Journal article (peer-reviewed) › Conference contribution to journal

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

AIMS: The aim of this study was to achieve consensus on important topics related to tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) and giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB), and to identify areas for future research.

METHODS: In January 2026, a consensus meeting, The Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM), held in Cape Town, South Africa, gathered 314 delegates from 59 countries to debate 21 consensus statements on tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) and giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) through a modified Delphi process.

RESULTS: Of the 21 statements, two achieved unanimous consensus, 18 strong consensus, and one moderate consensus. Unanimous consensus was reached for prioritizing joint-preserving intralesional curettage in GCTB when feasible, and for supporting non-surgical approaches in anatomically challenging cases, particularly sacral lesions. The statement addressing the role of denosumab in GCTB achieved only moderate consensus. The use of adjuvants in GCTB, as well as the management of recurrent and systemic GCTB, including long-term use of denosumab, reached strong consensus. Strong consensus was achieved in the surgical and non-surgical management for both primary and recurrent TGCT. Surveillance strategies for both TGCT and GCTB generated substantial discussion despite strong consensus, reflecting ongoing uncertainty and lack in evidence.

CONCLUSION: This international consensus provides practical guidance for the management of TGCT and GCTB while identifying important gaps in evidence. Joint-preserving surgery remains central to the treatment of GCTB, with selective integration of systemic therapies and individualized surveillance. The consensus framework highlights priorities for future collaborative research in orthopaedic oncology.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	xxx
Journal	Bone and Joint Journal
Volume	108-B
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394
Publication status	Published - 09 Jun 2026

Keywords

Humans
Giant Cell Tumor of Bone/therapy
Delphi Technique
Bone Neoplasms/therapy
Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath/therapy

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10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394

https://boneandjoint.org.uk/article/10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394

Cite this

BOOM 2026 Consensus Meeting Participants, Jeys, L. M., Botello, E., Boyle, R., Ebeid, W., Hilton, T., Houdek, M. T., Hosking, K., Kurisunkal, V. J., Laubscher, M., Morris, G. V., Puri, A., Ruggieri, P., Laitinen, M. K., Abdul Bari, Y., Abood, A., Abraham, J. A., Acosta Marin, M., Agarwal, M., ... Redl, M. (2026). A modified Delphi consensus on tenosynovial giant cell tumour and giant cell tumour of bone: a report from the Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM). Bone and Joint Journal, 108-B, xxx. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394

@article{0dddb423de9947c19dfcd06129432ff4,

title = "A modified Delphi consensus on tenosynovial giant cell tumour and giant cell tumour of bone: a report from the Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM)",

abstract = "AIMS: The aim of this study was to achieve consensus on important topics related to tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) and giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB), and to identify areas for future research.METHODS: In January 2026, a consensus meeting, The Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM), held in Cape Town, South Africa, gathered 314 delegates from 59 countries to debate 21 consensus statements on tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) and giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) through a modified Delphi process.RESULTS: Of the 21 statements, two achieved unanimous consensus, 18 strong consensus, and one moderate consensus. Unanimous consensus was reached for prioritizing joint-preserving intralesional curettage in GCTB when feasible, and for supporting non-surgical approaches in anatomically challenging cases, particularly sacral lesions. The statement addressing the role of denosumab in GCTB achieved only moderate consensus. The use of adjuvants in GCTB, as well as the management of recurrent and systemic GCTB, including long-term use of denosumab, reached strong consensus. Strong consensus was achieved in the surgical and non-surgical management for both primary and recurrent TGCT. Surveillance strategies for both TGCT and GCTB generated substantial discussion despite strong consensus, reflecting ongoing uncertainty and lack in evidence.CONCLUSION: This international consensus provides practical guidance for the management of TGCT and GCTB while identifying important gaps in evidence. Joint-preserving surgery remains central to the treatment of GCTB, with selective integration of systemic therapies and individualized surveillance. The consensus framework highlights priorities for future collaborative research in orthopaedic oncology.",

keywords = "Humans, Giant Cell Tumor of Bone/therapy, Delphi Technique, Bone Neoplasms/therapy, Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath/therapy",

author = "\{BOOM 2026 Consensus Meeting Participants\} and Jeys, \{Lee M\} and Eduardo Botello and Richard Boyle and Walid Ebeid and Thomas Hilton and Houdek, \{Matthew T\} and Keith Hosking and Kurisunkal, \{Vineet J\} and Maritz Laubscher and Morris, \{Guy V\} and Ajay Puri and Pietro Ruggieri and Laitinen, \{Minna K\} and \{Abdul Bari\}, Yunus and Ahmed Abood and Abraham, \{John A\} and \{Acosta Marin\}, Marthelena and Manish Agarwal and Rishi Agarwal and Marcela Aguirre and \{Ajit Singh\}, Vivek and Toru Akiyama and \{Al Farii\}, Humaid and Motaz Alaqeel and Abdulrahman Alaseem and Omar Aldosari and Kate Alexander and Patricio Alfaro and Wazzan Aljuhani and Allison, \{Daniel C\} and Mohammed Almashahedi and Abdullah Alotaibi and Bugra Alpan and Alshaygy, \{Ibrahim S\} and Turki Althunayan and Lorenzo Andreani and Dimosthenis Andreou and Andriandi Andriandi and Lucas Annabelle and Luis Aponte-Tinao and Melanie Ardelt and Selma Armas and William Aston and Aycan, \{Osman Emre\} and Thomas Baad-Hansen and Pablo Baeza and Dietmar Dammerer and Gianpaolo Leone and Johannes Neugebauer and Malena Redl",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 Jeys et al.",

year = "2026",

month = jun,

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doi = "10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394",

language = "English",

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journal = "Bone and Joint Journal",

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BOOM 2026 Consensus Meeting Participants, Jeys, LM, Botello, E, Boyle, R, Ebeid, W, Hilton, T, Houdek, MT, Hosking, K, Kurisunkal, VJ, Laubscher, M, Morris, GV, Puri, A, Ruggieri, P, Laitinen, MK, Abdul Bari, Y, Abood, A, Abraham, JA, Acosta Marin, M, Agarwal, M, Agarwal, R, Aguirre, M, Ajit Singh, V, Akiyama, T, Al Farii, H, Alaqeel, M, Alaseem, A, Aldosari, O, Alexander, K, Alfaro, P, Aljuhani, W, Allison, DC, Almashahedi, M, Alotaibi, A, Alpan, B, Alshaygy, IS, Althunayan, T, Andreani, L, Andreou, D, Andriandi, A, Annabelle, L, Aponte-Tinao, L, Ardelt, M, Armas, S, Aston, W, Aycan, OE, Baad-Hansen, T, Baeza, P, Dammerer, D , Leone, G , Neugebauer, J & Redl, M 2026, 'A modified Delphi consensus on tenosynovial giant cell tumour and giant cell tumour of bone: a report from the Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM)', Bone and Joint Journal, vol. 108-B, pp. xxx. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394

A modified Delphi consensus on tenosynovial giant cell tumour and giant cell tumour of bone: a report from the Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM). / BOOM 2026 Consensus Meeting Participants; Jeys, Lee M; Botello, Eduardo et al.
In: Bone and Joint Journal, Vol. 108-B, 09.06.2026, p. xxx.

Research output: Journal article (peer-reviewed) › Conference contribution to journal

TY - JOUR

T1 - A modified Delphi consensus on tenosynovial giant cell tumour and giant cell tumour of bone

T2 - a report from the Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM)

AU - BOOM 2026 Consensus Meeting Participants

AU - Jeys, Lee M

AU - Botello, Eduardo

AU - Boyle, Richard

AU - Ebeid, Walid

AU - Hilton, Thomas

AU - Houdek, Matthew T

AU - Hosking, Keith

AU - Kurisunkal, Vineet J

AU - Laubscher, Maritz

AU - Morris, Guy V

AU - Puri, Ajay

AU - Ruggieri, Pietro

AU - Laitinen, Minna K

AU - Abdul Bari, Yunus

AU - Abood, Ahmed

AU - Abraham, John A

AU - Acosta Marin, Marthelena

AU - Agarwal, Manish

AU - Agarwal, Rishi

AU - Aguirre, Marcela

AU - Ajit Singh, Vivek

AU - Akiyama, Toru

AU - Al Farii, Humaid

AU - Alaqeel, Motaz

AU - Alaseem, Abdulrahman

AU - Aldosari, Omar

AU - Alexander, Kate

AU - Alfaro, Patricio

AU - Aljuhani, Wazzan

AU - Allison, Daniel C

AU - Almashahedi, Mohammed

AU - Alotaibi, Abdullah

AU - Alpan, Bugra

AU - Alshaygy, Ibrahim S

AU - Althunayan, Turki

AU - Andreani, Lorenzo

AU - Andreou, Dimosthenis

AU - Andriandi, Andriandi

AU - Annabelle, Lucas

AU - Aponte-Tinao, Luis

AU - Ardelt, Melanie

AU - Armas, Selma

AU - Aston, William

AU - Aycan, Osman Emre

AU - Baad-Hansen, Thomas

AU - Baeza, Pablo

AU - Dammerer, Dietmar

AU - Leone, Gianpaolo

AU - Neugebauer, Johannes

AU - Redl, Malena

PY - 2026/6/9

Y1 - 2026/6/9

N2 - AIMS: The aim of this study was to achieve consensus on important topics related to tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) and giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB), and to identify areas for future research.METHODS: In January 2026, a consensus meeting, The Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM), held in Cape Town, South Africa, gathered 314 delegates from 59 countries to debate 21 consensus statements on tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) and giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) through a modified Delphi process.RESULTS: Of the 21 statements, two achieved unanimous consensus, 18 strong consensus, and one moderate consensus. Unanimous consensus was reached for prioritizing joint-preserving intralesional curettage in GCTB when feasible, and for supporting non-surgical approaches in anatomically challenging cases, particularly sacral lesions. The statement addressing the role of denosumab in GCTB achieved only moderate consensus. The use of adjuvants in GCTB, as well as the management of recurrent and systemic GCTB, including long-term use of denosumab, reached strong consensus. Strong consensus was achieved in the surgical and non-surgical management for both primary and recurrent TGCT. Surveillance strategies for both TGCT and GCTB generated substantial discussion despite strong consensus, reflecting ongoing uncertainty and lack in evidence.CONCLUSION: This international consensus provides practical guidance for the management of TGCT and GCTB while identifying important gaps in evidence. Joint-preserving surgery remains central to the treatment of GCTB, with selective integration of systemic therapies and individualized surveillance. The consensus framework highlights priorities for future collaborative research in orthopaedic oncology.

AB - AIMS: The aim of this study was to achieve consensus on important topics related to tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) and giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB), and to identify areas for future research.METHODS: In January 2026, a consensus meeting, The Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM), held in Cape Town, South Africa, gathered 314 delegates from 59 countries to debate 21 consensus statements on tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) and giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) through a modified Delphi process.RESULTS: Of the 21 statements, two achieved unanimous consensus, 18 strong consensus, and one moderate consensus. Unanimous consensus was reached for prioritizing joint-preserving intralesional curettage in GCTB when feasible, and for supporting non-surgical approaches in anatomically challenging cases, particularly sacral lesions. The statement addressing the role of denosumab in GCTB achieved only moderate consensus. The use of adjuvants in GCTB, as well as the management of recurrent and systemic GCTB, including long-term use of denosumab, reached strong consensus. Strong consensus was achieved in the surgical and non-surgical management for both primary and recurrent TGCT. Surveillance strategies for both TGCT and GCTB generated substantial discussion despite strong consensus, reflecting ongoing uncertainty and lack in evidence.CONCLUSION: This international consensus provides practical guidance for the management of TGCT and GCTB while identifying important gaps in evidence. Joint-preserving surgery remains central to the treatment of GCTB, with selective integration of systemic therapies and individualized surveillance. The consensus framework highlights priorities for future collaborative research in orthopaedic oncology.

KW - Humans

KW - Giant Cell Tumor of Bone/therapy

KW - Delphi Technique

KW - Bone Neoplasms/therapy

KW - Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath/therapy

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105042023312

U2 - 10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394

DO - 10.1302/0301-620X.108B.BJJ-2026-0394

M3 - Conference contribution to journal

C2 - 42261942

SN - 2049-4394

VL - 108-B

SP - xxx

JO - Bone and Joint Journal

JF - Bone and Joint Journal

ER -

A modified Delphi consensus on tenosynovial giant cell tumour and giant cell tumour of bone: a report from the Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting (BOOM)

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Keywords

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