TY - JOUR
T1 - The Relevance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 Alpha, and Clusterin in Carotid Plaque Instability
AU - Basic, Jelena
AU - Stojkovic, Stefan
AU - Assadian, Afshin
AU - Rauscher, Sabine
AU - Duschek, Nikolaus
AU - Kaun, Christoph
AU - Wojta, Johann
AU - Falkensammer, Jürgen
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2019/6
Y1 - 2019/6
N2 - BACKGROUND: Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Thromboembolism, as a major cause of carotid artery-related stroke, can be caused by plaque rupture which is associated with neoangiogenesis within the carotid plaque.AIM: We sought to investigate a possible correlation between angiogenesis-related factors and preoperative neurological manifestations in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, for a better understanding of thromboembolism in internal carotid artery stenosis-related stroke.METHODS: This study included 54 patients (asymptomatic, n = 20 and symptomatic, n = 34) undergoing carotid endarterectomy for high-grade internal carotid artery stenosis. In the retrieved carotid plaques, angiogenesis-related factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha [HIF-1α], and Clusterin) were measured by immunohistochemistry and quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: We demonstrated the expression of VEGF, HIF-1α, and Clusterin by endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in the carotid plaques. Noteworthy, mRNA VEGF levels were .7-fold higher in symptomatic patients (P = .017) compared to asymptomatic patients. In contrast, mRNA Clusterin levels were 1.8-fold lower (P = .021). Levels of mRNA HIF-1α were 1.5-fold higher in asymptomatic patients, but no statistical significance was reached between the 2 groups.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show an association between VEGF and Clusterin and neurological symptoms of patients with high-grade carotid artery stenosis.
AB - BACKGROUND: Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Thromboembolism, as a major cause of carotid artery-related stroke, can be caused by plaque rupture which is associated with neoangiogenesis within the carotid plaque.AIM: We sought to investigate a possible correlation between angiogenesis-related factors and preoperative neurological manifestations in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, for a better understanding of thromboembolism in internal carotid artery stenosis-related stroke.METHODS: This study included 54 patients (asymptomatic, n = 20 and symptomatic, n = 34) undergoing carotid endarterectomy for high-grade internal carotid artery stenosis. In the retrieved carotid plaques, angiogenesis-related factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha [HIF-1α], and Clusterin) were measured by immunohistochemistry and quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: We demonstrated the expression of VEGF, HIF-1α, and Clusterin by endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in the carotid plaques. Noteworthy, mRNA VEGF levels were .7-fold higher in symptomatic patients (P = .017) compared to asymptomatic patients. In contrast, mRNA Clusterin levels were 1.8-fold lower (P = .021). Levels of mRNA HIF-1α were 1.5-fold higher in asymptomatic patients, but no statistical significance was reached between the 2 groups.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show an association between VEGF and Clusterin and neurological symptoms of patients with high-grade carotid artery stenosis.
KW - Aged
KW - Aged, 80 and over
KW - Asymptomatic Diseases
KW - Carotid Artery, Internal/chemistry
KW - Carotid Stenosis/complications
KW - Clusterin/analysis
KW - Female
KW - Gene Expression Regulation
KW - Humans
KW - Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/analysis
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Neovascularization, Pathologic
KW - Plaque, Atherosclerotic
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - RNA, Messenger/genetics
KW - Rupture, Spontaneous
KW - Severity of Illness Index
KW - Stroke/etiology
KW - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/analysis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063673747&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.03.009
DO - 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.03.009
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 30952532
SN - 1052-3057
VL - 28
SP - 1540
EP - 1545
JO - Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases
JF - Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases
IS - 6
ER -