TY - JOUR
T1 - Osteoporosis
T2 - Pathophysiology and therapeutic options
AU - Föger-Samwald, Ursula
AU - Dovjak, Peter
AU - Azizi-Semrad, Ursula
AU - Kerschan-Schindl, Katharina
AU - Pietschmann, Peter
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that, on a cellular level, results from osteoclastic bone resorption not compensated by osteoblastic bone formation. This causes bones to become weak and fragile, thus increasing the risk of fractures. Traditional pathophysiological concepts of osteoporosis focused on endocrine mechanisms such as estrogen or vitamin D deficiency as well as secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, research over the last decades provided exiting new insights into mechanisms contributing to the onset of osteoporosis, which go far beyond this. Selected mechanisms such as interactions between bone and the immune system, the gut microbiome, and cellular senescence are reviewed in this article. Furthermore, an overview on currently available osteoporosis medications including antiresorptive and bone forming drugs is provided and an outlook on potential future treatment options is given.
AB - Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that, on a cellular level, results from osteoclastic bone resorption not compensated by osteoblastic bone formation. This causes bones to become weak and fragile, thus increasing the risk of fractures. Traditional pathophysiological concepts of osteoporosis focused on endocrine mechanisms such as estrogen or vitamin D deficiency as well as secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, research over the last decades provided exiting new insights into mechanisms contributing to the onset of osteoporosis, which go far beyond this. Selected mechanisms such as interactions between bone and the immune system, the gut microbiome, and cellular senescence are reviewed in this article. Furthermore, an overview on currently available osteoporosis medications including antiresorptive and bone forming drugs is provided and an outlook on potential future treatment options is given.
KW - Gut microbiome
KW - Osteoimmunology
KW - Osteoporosis
KW - Osteoporosis treatment
KW - Pathophysiology
KW - Senescence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088785045&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.17179/excli2020-2591
DO - 10.17179/excli2020-2591
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32788914
SN - 1611-2156
VL - 19
SP - 1017
EP - 1037
JO - EXCLI Journal
JF - EXCLI Journal
ER -