TY - JOUR
T1 - Cytokines and signal transduction
AU - Hideshima, Teru
AU - Podar, Klaus
AU - Chauhan, Dharminder
AU - Anderson, Kenneth C
PY - 2005/12
Y1 - 2005/12
N2 - Many studies have characterized the role of growth factors in multiple myeloma (MM) pathogenesis and have derived novel therapies to improve patient outcome based upon targeting cytokines and their signaling cascades both in the MM cell and in the bone-marrow (BM) microenvironment. These cytokines include interleukin 6 (IL-6), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), IL-21, B-cell stimulating factor 3 (BSF-3) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). These cytokines are secreted from stromal cells (SCs), endothelial cells and/or osteoclasts, and promote MM cell growth, survival and migration, as well as paracrine cytokine secretion and angiogenesis in the BM milieu. Thus inhibition of signaling cascades induced by these cytokine provides rationale for a therapeutic option for MM.
AB - Many studies have characterized the role of growth factors in multiple myeloma (MM) pathogenesis and have derived novel therapies to improve patient outcome based upon targeting cytokines and their signaling cascades both in the MM cell and in the bone-marrow (BM) microenvironment. These cytokines include interleukin 6 (IL-6), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), IL-21, B-cell stimulating factor 3 (BSF-3) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). These cytokines are secreted from stromal cells (SCs), endothelial cells and/or osteoclasts, and promote MM cell growth, survival and migration, as well as paracrine cytokine secretion and angiogenesis in the BM milieu. Thus inhibition of signaling cascades induced by these cytokine provides rationale for a therapeutic option for MM.
KW - Cytokines/physiology
KW - Growth Substances/physiology
KW - Humans
KW - Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy
KW - Signal Transduction/physiology
KW - Signal transduction
KW - Cytokine
KW - Multiple myeloma
KW - Bone marrow
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=22144476861&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.beha.2005.01.003
DO - 10.1016/j.beha.2005.01.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16026734
SN - 1521-6926
VL - 18
SP - 509
EP - 524
JO - Best Practice and Research in Clinical Haematology
JF - Best Practice and Research in Clinical Haematology
IS - 4 SPEC. ISS.
ER -